No Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the association between major dietary patterns and the risk factors for kidney stone formation among Iranian men.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 264 adult men, aged 19-89 years. The usual dietary intake of the participants over the previous year was collected using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measurementswere recorded and 24-h urine samples were collected. Binary logistic regressions were used to evaluate the associations.
Results: Two major dietary patterns were identified in the study population: a healthy dietary pattern and a Western dietary pattern. A significant inverse relationship was seenbetween the healthy dietary pattern and the risk of MS (OR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.09-0.47, p < 0.001), while there was a marginally significant association between adherence to a Western diet and development of MS after controlling for confounders (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 0.95-4.89, p = 0.06).
Conclusion: Following a healthy dietary pattern is related to a reduced risk of MS while following a Western dietary pattern is marginally related to an increased MS risk.

Objective:  To evaluate the association of major dietary patterns with risk factors of kidney stone formation among Iranian men.
Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted on 264 adult men (19-89 years). The usual dietary intake of individuals over 1 year was collected using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were made and 24-h urine sample was collected. Adjusted binary logistic regressions were conducted to evaluate the associations.
Results: The three major dietary patterns identified by factor analysis were healthy, unhealthy and spice-caffeine dietary patterns. After adjustment for potential confounders (age, BMI and energy intake), the odds ratio of hypocitraturia in the second (OR=0.57, CI=0.24-1.39) and third (OR=0.24, CI=0.10-0.56) tertiles and the hypercalciuria in the second (OR= 0.38, CI=0.17-0.87) and third (OR=0.20, CI=0.10-0.46) tertiles of healthy pattern was decreased compared to first tertile. The hypocitraturia in the second (OR=1.14, CI=0.56-2.32) and third (OR=5.14 CI=2.04-12.96) tertiles, the hypercalciuria in the second (OR=0.67, CI=0.35-1.36) and third (OR=4.11, CI=1.77-9.56) tertiles of unhealthy pattern were increased compared to the first tertile. There was no significant relationship between healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns with creatinine, oxalate and uric acid (P>0.05).
Conclusion: A higher adherence of the Unhealthy and spice-caffeine dietary patterns, and lower adherence of the Healthy dietary pattern, increases the risk of kidney stone formation in men.

Objective: This study was performed to determine the association between consumption of low-fat, high-protein diet and GERD in a large group of the Iranian population.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 3362 participants. We used a validated self-administered, dish-based semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with multiple choice frequency response categories for assessing usual dietary intakes. Dietary fat and protein intakes were obtained from the FFQ. We defined GERD as the presence of heartburn sometimes, often, or always during the three months prior to the study.
Results: Dietary fat intake was not significantly associated with GERD, even after further controlling for confounding factors including BMI (Odds ratio [OR] for comparing highest vs. lowest quartiles of fat intake: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.96-1.78). Similar findings were made for protein intakes, such that those with the highest protein intakes did not have a significantly reduced odds for GERD, either before (OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.67-1.04) or after adjustment for potential confounders (OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.56-1.67) including BMI (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.48-1.47). Adherence to a low-fat, high protein diet was not significantly associated with the odds of GERD. Even after adjustment for potential confounders, including diet-related variables, we found no significant association between adherence to a low-fat, high-protein diet and odds of GERD. Additional controlling for BMI did not significantly alter this result.
Conclusion: In this large-scale cross-sectional study among Iranian adults, we failed to find any significant association between adherence to a low-fat high-protein diet and odds of GERD. It seems that more studies with different designs are needed to achieve a definitive conclusion.

Development of instruments to measure habitual dietary intake in large epidemiological studies has been investigated extensively. The purpose of this study was to develop a computer-assisted personal interview system (CAPI) system for conducting dietaryassessment. A 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), originally developed for the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, is used widely in food and nutrition studies in Iran. In addition to measurement errors at data recording and entry levels, the printed form is time-consuming and costly, both financially and environmentally. This technical reportintroduces a computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) program to collect food and nutrition data using the Iranian 168-item FFQ. The U.S. Census Bureau’s CSPro software was used to construct the CAPI application. The application runs on Android devices andcomputers with Microsoft Windows operating systems. The language of the CAPI is  Farsi. This easy-to-use CAPI tool attempts to reduce time, cost, and human error in nationwide and local nutrition research.

Development of instruments to measure habitual dietary intake in large epidemiological studies has been investigated extensively. The purpose of this study was to develop a computer-assisted personal interview system (CAPI) system for conducting dietary assessment. A 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), originally developed for the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, is used widely in food and nutrition studies in Iran. In addition to measurement errors at data recording and entry levels, the printed form is time-consuming and costly, both financially and environmentally. This technical report introduces a computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) program to collect food and nutrition data using the Iranian 168-item FFQ. The U.S. Census Bureau’s CSPro software was used to construct the CAPI application. The application runs on Android devices and computers with Microsoft Windows operating systems. The language of the CAPI is Farsi. This easy-to-use CAPI tool attempts to reduce time, cost, and human error in nationwide and local nutrition research.

Background: Several studies have evaluated the effect of riboflavin supplementation on migraine attack with conflicting results. To estimate the conformity of the data on the topic, we accomplished a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available randomized clinical trials studies. To evaluate the effects of Riboflavin supplementation on frequency and duration of migraine attack.

Methods:

A systematic research of randomized controlled trials has been conducted on Medline and EMBASE through PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar that was completed by a manual review of the literature up to December 2017. Pooled effect estimated by using random-effect model and heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran’s Q and I² tests.

Results: Of 411 articles finally 5 RCTs were met inclusion criteria. The results of this meta-analysis showed that the WMD of migraine attack duration from baseline was -11.58 hr. (95% confidence interval = -15.93 to -7.22, p < 0.001) and the WMD of migraine attack frequency from baseline was -2.68 number of migraine attack per month (95% confidence interval = -4.03 to -1.32, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: This meta-analysis confirmed that riboflavin supplementation has beneficial effects in relieving migraine attacks as adjunctive therapies and it can reduce the frequency and duration of migraine but additional RCTs in which enough randomization methods are used for evaluating the effects of riboflavin supplementation on migraine attacks are warranted.