Dietary patterns and risk of multiple sclerosis: a casecontrol study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the association between major dietary patterns and the risk factors for kidney stone formation among Iranian men.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 264 adult men, aged 19-89 years. The usual dietary intake of the participants over the previous year was collected using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measurementswere recorded and 24-h urine samples were collected. Binary logistic regressions were used to evaluate the associations.
Results: Two major dietary patterns were identified in the study population: a healthy dietary pattern and a Western dietary pattern. A significant inverse relationship was seenbetween the healthy dietary pattern and the risk of MS (OR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.09-0.47, p < 0.001), while there was a marginally significant association between adherence to a Western diet and development of MS after controlling for confounders (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 0.95-4.89, p = 0.06).
Conclusion: Following a healthy dietary pattern is related to a reduced risk of MS while following a Western dietary pattern is marginally related to an increased MS risk.