Association of dietary and lifestyle inflammation score with general and central obesity in Iranian adults
-
Elaheh Asgari
,
Fatemeh Dehghani Firouzabadi
,
Nasim Janbozorgi
,
Ahmad Jayedi
,
Zahra Akbarzadeh
,
Kurosh Djafarian
,
Sakineh Shab-Bidar
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have suggested a positive association between a more pro-inflammatory diet and lifestyle- factors with obesity, separately.
Objective: Determine the relationship between the dietary and lifestyle inflammatory-score (DLIS) and general and abdominal obesity in adults.
Methods: We included 834 adults aged 18 to 59 years (69% female, mean age: 44.7 ± 10.7 years). Using a 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, we collected dietary-intakes. The DLIS was calculated by using the dietary inflammatory score, calculated by data from 18 components of the diet, and two components of the lifestyle including physical-activity and cigarette smoking. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI of the general and abdominal adiposity across quartiles of the DLIS was calculated by logistic-regression analysis after controlling for age, sex, marital status, occupation, education status, and energy intake.
Results: The DLIS ranged between -3.00 and 2.32 (man ± SD: -0.31 ± 0.99). The ORs of central obesity, as assessed by waist-to-hip ratio (≥0.8 for women and ≥1 for men) across quartiles of the DLIS were as follows: 1.91 (95%CI: 1.21, 3.02), 1.62 (95%CI: 1.03, 2.56), and 1.25 (95%CI: 0.79, 1.97) for the second, third, and fourth quartiles, respectively. The results for weight-to-height ratio (>0.5) were 2.26 (95%CI: 1.24, 4.11), 1.08 (95%CI: 0.63, 1.86), and 1.38 (95%CI: 0.79, 2.39) for the second, third, and fourth quartiles, respectively. Higher DLIS was not associated with increased waist-circumference and general-obesity as assessed by body mass index.
Conclusion: Having a diet and lifestyle with more pro-inflammatory properties may be associated with abdominal-adiposity.
References
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9. Beavers KM, Nicklas BJ. Effects of lifestyle interventions on inflammatory markers in the metabolic syndrome. Frontiers in bioscience (Scholar edition). 2011;3:168.
10. Wiklund P. The role of physical activity and exercise in obesity and weight management: Time for critical appraisal. Journal of Sport and Health Science. 2016;5(2):151-4.
11. Burini RC, Anderson E, Durstine JL, Carson JA. Inflammation, physical activity, and chronic disease: An evolutionary perspective. Sports Medicine and Health Science. 2020.
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29. Mirmiran P, Esfahani FH, Mehrabi Y, Hedayati M, Azizi F. Reliability and relative validity of an FFQ for nutrients in the Tehran lipid and glucose study. Public health nutrition. 2010;13(5):654-62.
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38. Shakeri Z, Mirmiran P, Khalili-Moghadam S, Hosseini-Esfahani F, Ataie-Jafari A, Azizi F. Empirical dietary inflammatory pattern and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Diabetology & metabolic syndrome. 2019;11(1):16.
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40. Ramallal R, Toledo E, Martínez JA, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Martínez‐González MA, et al. Inflammatory potential of diet, weight gain, and incidence of overweight/obesity: The SUN cohort. Obesity. 2017;25(6):997-1005.
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48. Paradis A-M, Godin G, Pérusse L, Vohl M-C. Associations between dietary patterns and obesity phenotypes. International journal of obesity. 2009;33(12):1419-26.
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50. Rouhani M, Salehi‐Abargouei A, Surkan P, Azadbakht L. Is there a relationship between red or processed meat intake and obesity? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies. Obesity Reviews. 2014;15(9):740-8.
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1. Identification EPot, Overweight To, Adults Oi, Heart N, Lung, Institute B, et al. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: the evidence report: National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; 1998.
2. Chooi YC, Ding C, Magkos F. The epidemiology of obesity. Metabolism. 2019;92:6-10.
3. Sarokhani D, Sarokhani M, Dehkordi AH, Gheshlagh RG, Fakhri M. Prevalence of obesity and overweight in Iranian students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2020;1(ahead-of-print).
4. Visscher TL, Seidell JC. The public health impact of obesity. Annual review of public health. 2001;22(1):355-75.
5. Tremmel M, Gerdtham U-G, Nilsson PM, Saha S. Economic burden of obesity: a systematic literature review. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2017;14(4):435.
6. Karczewski J, Śledzińska E, Baturo A, Jończyk I, Maleszko A, Samborski P, et al. Obesity and inflammation. European cytokine network. 2018;29(3):83-94.
7. Furman D, Campisi J, Verdin E, Carrera-Bastos P, Targ S, Franceschi C, et al. Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span. Nature medicine. 2019;25(12):1822-32.
8. Minihane AM, Vinoy S, Russell WR, Baka A, Roche HM, Tuohy KM, et al. Low-grade inflammation, diet composition and health: current research evidence and its translation. British Journal of Nutrition. 2015;114(7):999-1012.
9. Beavers KM, Nicklas BJ. Effects of lifestyle interventions on inflammatory markers in the metabolic syndrome. Frontiers in bioscience (Scholar edition). 2011;3:168.
10. Wiklund P. The role of physical activity and exercise in obesity and weight management: Time for critical appraisal. Journal of Sport and Health Science. 2016;5(2):151-4.
11. Burini RC, Anderson E, Durstine JL, Carson JA. Inflammation, physical activity, and chronic disease: An evolutionary perspective. Sports Medicine and Health Science. 2020.
12. Lee J, Taneja V, Vassallo R. Cigarette smoking and inflammation: cellular and molecular mechanisms. Journal of dental research. 2012;91(2):142-9.
13. Schlesinger S, Neuenschwander M, Schwedhelm C, Hoffmann G, Bechthold A, Boeing H, et al. Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Advances in Nutrition. 2019;10(2):205-18.
14. Rezagholizadeh F, Djafarian K, Khosravi S, Shab-Bidar S. A posteriori healthy dietary patterns may decrease the risk of central obesity: findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition Research. 2017;41:1-13.
15. Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Mediterranean dietary pattern, inflammation and endothelial function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention trials. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 2014;24(9):929-39.
16. Barbaresko J, Koch M, Schulze MB, Nöthlings U. Dietary pattern analysis and biomarkers of low-grade inflammation: a systematic literature review. Nutrition reviews. 2013;71(8):511-27.
17. Shivappa N, Steck SE, Hurley TG, Hussey JR, Hébert JR. Designing and developing a literature-derived, population-based dietary inflammatory index. Public health nutrition. 2014;17(8):1689-96.
18. Tabung FK, Smith-Warner SA, Chavarro JE, Wu K, Fuchs CS, Hu FB, et al. Development and validation of an empirical dietary inflammatory index. The Journal of nutrition. 2016;146(8):1560-70.
19. Byrd DA, Judd SE, Flanders WD, Hartman TJ, Fedirko V, Bostick RM. Development and validation of novel dietary and lifestyle inflammation scores. The Journal of Nutrition. 2019;149(12):2206-18.
20. Ruiz-Canela M, Zazpe I, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Sánchez-Tainta A, Corella D, et al. Dietary inflammatory index and anthropometric measures of obesity in a population sample at high cardiovascular risk from the PREDIMED (PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea) trial. British journal of nutrition. 2015;113(6):984-95.
21. Mirmajidi S, Izadi A, Saghafi-Asl M, Vahid F, Karamzad N, Amiri P, et al. Inflammatory potential of diet: association with chemerin, omentin, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, and insulin resistance in the apparently healthy obese. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 2019;38(4):302-10.
22. Shivappa N, Steck SE, Hurley TG, Hussey JR, Ma Y, Ockene IS, et al. A population-based dietary inflammatory index predicts levels of C-reactive protein in the Seasonal Variation of Blood Cholesterol Study (SEASONS). Public health nutrition. 2014;17(8):1825-33.
23. Kiadaliri AA, Jafari M, Mahdavi M-RV, Faghihzadeh S, Kalantari N, Asadi-Lari M. The prevalence of adulthood overweight and obesity in Tehran: findings from Urban HEART-2 study. Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran. 2015;29:178.
24. Ainsworth BE, Haskell WL, Herrmann SD, Meckes N, Bassett Jr DR, Tudor-Locke C, et al. 2011 Compendium of Physical Activities: a second update of codes and MET values. Medicine & science in sports & exercise. 2011;43(8):1575-81.
25. Organization WH. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic: World Health Organization; 2000.
26. Browning LM, Hsieh SD, Ashwell M. A systematic review of waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool for the prediction of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: 0· 5 could be a suitable global boundary value. Nutrition research reviews. 2010;23(2):247-69.
27. Ashwell M, Hsieh SD. Six reasons why the waist-to-height ratio is a rapid and effective global indicator for health risks of obesity and how its use could simplify the international public health message on obesity. International journal of food sciences and nutrition. 2005;56(5):303-7.
28. WhO O. Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation on obesity Geneva: WHO. 1997:17-40.
29. Mirmiran P, Esfahani FH, Mehrabi Y, Hedayati M, Azizi F. Reliability and relative validity of an FFQ for nutrients in the Tehran lipid and glucose study. Public health nutrition. 2010;13(5):654-62.
30. Haytowitz D, Lemar L, Pehrsson P, Exler J, Patterson K, Thomas R, et al. USDA national nutrient database for standard reference, release 24. US Department of Agriculture: Washington, DC, USA. 2011.
31. Das U. Is obesity an inflammatory condition? Nutrition. 2001;17(11-12):953-66.
32. Berg AH, Scherer PE. Adipose tissue, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation research. 2005;96(9):939-49.
33. Matsuzawa Y. Therapy insight: adipocytokines in metabolic syndrome and related cardiovascular disease. Nature clinical practice Cardiovascular medicine. 2006;3(1):35-42.
34. Lago F, Dieguez C, Gómez-Reino J, Gualillo O. The emerging role of adipokines as mediators of inflammation and immune responses. Cytokine & growth factor reviews. 2007;18(3-4):313-25.
35. Moreno-Aliaga M, Campión J, Milagro F, Berjón A, Martínez J. Adiposity and proinflammatory state: the chicken or the egg. Adipocytes. 2005;1:1-16.
36. Gregor MF, Hotamisligil GS. Inflammatory mechanisms in obesity. Annual review of immunology. 2011;29:415-45.
37. San KMM, Fahmida U, Wijaksono F, Lin H, Zaw KK, Htet MK. Chronic low grade inflammation measured by dietary inflammatory index and its association with obesity among school teachers in Yangon, Myanmar. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2018;27(1):92.
38. Shakeri Z, Mirmiran P, Khalili-Moghadam S, Hosseini-Esfahani F, Ataie-Jafari A, Azizi F. Empirical dietary inflammatory pattern and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Diabetology & metabolic syndrome. 2019;11(1):16.
39. Oliveira TMS, Bressan J, Pimenta AM, Martínez-González M-Á, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, et al. Dietary inflammatory index and prevalence of overweight and obesity in Brazilian graduates from the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME project). Nutrition. 2020;71:110635.
40. Ramallal R, Toledo E, Martínez JA, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Martínez‐González MA, et al. Inflammatory potential of diet, weight gain, and incidence of overweight/obesity: The SUN cohort. Obesity. 2017;25(6):997-1005.
41. Rahman I, MacNee W. Role of transcription factors in inflammatory lung diseases. Thorax. 1998;53(7):601-12.
42. Brown D, Donaldson K, Borm P, Schins R, Dehnhardt M, Gilmour P, et al. Calcium and ROS-mediated activation of transcription factors and TNF-α cytokine gene expression in macrophages exposed to ultrafine particles. American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology. 2004;286(2):L344-L53.
43. Yu PH, Wang M, Fan H, Deng Y, Gubisne-Haberle D. Involvement of SSAO-mediated deamination in adipose glucose transport and weight gain in obese diabetic KKAy mice. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2004;286(4):E634-E41.
44. MERCIER N, MOLDES M, EL HADRI K, FÈVE B. Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activation promotes adipose conversion of 3T3-L1 cells. Biochemical Journal. 2001;358(2):335-42.
45. Shoelson SE, Lee J, Goldfine AB. Inflammation and insulin resistance. The Journal of clinical investigation. 2006;116(7):1793-801.
46. Noakes TD. So what comes first: the obesity or the insulin resistance? And which is more important? : Clinical Chemistry; 2018.
47. Erion KA, Corkey BE. Hyperinsulinemia: a cause of obesity? Current obesity reports. 2017;6(2):178-86.
48. Paradis A-M, Godin G, Pérusse L, Vohl M-C. Associations between dietary patterns and obesity phenotypes. International journal of obesity. 2009;33(12):1419-26.
49. Esmaillzadeh A, Azadbakht L. Major dietary patterns in relation to general obesity and central adiposity among Iranian women. The Journal of nutrition. 2008;138(2):358-63.
50. Rouhani M, Salehi‐Abargouei A, Surkan P, Azadbakht L. Is there a relationship between red or processed meat intake and obesity? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies. Obesity Reviews. 2014;15(9):740-8.
51. Dare S, Mackay DF, Pell JP. Relationship between smoking and obesity: a cross-sectional study of 499,504 middle-aged adults in the UK general population. PloS one. 2015;10(4):e0123579.
52. Dvorak RD, Del Gaizo AL, Engdahl RM, Eliason CJ. Tobacco use and body mass index: mediated effects through physical inactivity. Journal of health psychology. 2009;14(7):919-23.
53. Schoenberg NE, Huang B, Seshadri S, Tucker TC. Trends in cigarette smoking and obesity in Appalachian Kentucky. Southern medical journal. 2015;108(3):170-7.
54. Kim Y, Jeong SM, Yoo B, Oh B, Kang H-C. Associations of smoking with overall obesity, and central obesity: a cross-sectional study from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2013). Epidemiology and health. 2016;38.
55. Chiolero A, Faeh D, Paccaud F, Cornuz J. Consequences of smoking for body weight, body fat distribution, and insulin resistance. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2008;87(4):801-9.
56. Clair C, Chiolero A, Faeh D, Cornuz J, Marques-Vidal P, Paccaud F, et al. Dose-dependent positive association between cigarette smoking, abdominal obesity and body fat: cross-sectional data from a population-based survey. BMC public health. 2011;11(1):23.
57. Canoy D, Wareham N, Luben R, Welch A, Bingham S, Day N, et al. Cigarette Smoking and Fat Distribution in 21, 828 British Men and Women: A Population‐based Study. Obesity research. 2005;13(8):1466-75.
58. Gasperin LdOF, Neuberger M, Tichy A, Moshammer H. Cross-sectional association between cigarette smoking and abdominal obesity among Austrian bank employees. BMJ open. 2014;4(7).
59. Direk N, Newson RS, Hofman A, Kirschbaum C, Tiemeier H. Short and long-term effects of smoking on cortisol in older adults. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 2011;80(2):157-60.
60. Facchini FS, Hollenbeck CB, Jeppesen J, Chen Y-DI, Reaven G. Insulin resistance and cigarette smoking. The Lancet. 1992;339(8802):1128-30.
61. Mouhamed DH, Ezzaher A, Neffati F, Douki W, Gaha L, Najjar M, editors. Effect of cigarette smoking on insulin resistance risk. Annales de Cardiologie et d'Angéiologie; 2016: Elsevier.
62. Tankó LB, Christiansen C. An update on the antiestrogenic effect of smoking: a literature review with implications for researchers and practitioners. Menopause. 2004;11(1):104-9.
63. Ertek S, Cicero A. Impact of physical activity on inflammation: effects on cardiovascular disease risk and other inflammatory conditions. Archives of medical science: AMS. 2012;8(5):794.
64. Beavers KM, Brinkley TE, Nicklas BJ. Effect of exercise training on chronic inflammation. Clinica chimica acta. 2010;411(11-12):785-93.
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| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 6, No 1 (Winter 2020) | |
| Section | Articles | |
| Keywords | ||
| Dietary inflammatory index; inflammation; Obesity; Abdominal obesity; Lifestyle | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Asgari E, Dehghani Firouzabadi F, Janbozorgi N, Jayedi A, Akbarzadeh Z, Djafarian K, Shab-Bidar S. Association of dietary and lifestyle inflammation score with general and central obesity in Iranian adults. J Nutr Sci & Diet. 2022;6(1):8-18.
