Comparison of the effects of canola oil and rice bran oil consumption on oxidative stress and blood pressure in postmenopausal type 2 diabetic women:A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
,
Abstract
Background: It has been reported that vegetable oils may affect the level of oxidativestress and blood pressure. This clinical trial aimed to compare the effects of canola oiland rice bran oil consumption on serum malondialdehyde and blood pressure inpostmenopausal type 2 diabetic women.
Methods: The results showed that reduction of MDA level was significantly higher inRBO (p<0.001) and CO (p<0.05) groups compared to the controls. In addition,reduction in MDA level for RBO group was more than that for CO group (p=0.012).Levels of blood pressure remained unchanged in all groups at the end of the study.
Results: Mean serum zinc was 78.3±13.7 μg/dL. Significant difference was detectedbetween mean serum zinc among different BMI groups (ANOVA, p=0.03), while itwas not significant in different education levels and age intervals (ANOVA, p=0.61and 0.95 respectively). Participants from two western provinces of Iran (Khoozestanand Lorestan) had significantly higher zinc level. There was a positive relationship
between serum iron and zinc (Pearson correlation coefficient, r=0.1, p=0.001).
Conclusion: Consuming either CO or RBO could decrease the levels of MDA andoxidative stress in diabetic patients, but RBO was more effective than CO. Neither ofthe oils had any significant impact on blood pressure of diabetic women.
1. Goldberg RB. Cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients. Med Clin North Am. 2000;84(1):81-93.
2. Laing SP, Swerdlow AJ, Slater SD, Burden AC,Morris A, Waugh NR, et al. Mortality from heartdisease in a cohort of 23,000 patients with insulintreateddiabetes. Diabetologia. 2003;46(6):760-5.
3. Ray A, Huisman MV, Tamsma JT, van Asten J,Bingen BO, Broeders EA, et al. The role of inflammation on atherosclerosis, intermediate andclinical cardiovascular endpoints in type 2diabetes mellitus. Eur J Intern Med.2009;20(3):253-60.
4. Didangelos T, Doupis J, Veves A. OxidativeStress in Diabetes Mellitus and PossibleInterventions. In: Obrosova I, Stevens MJ, YorekMA, editors. Studies in Diabetes. Oxidative Stressin Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice:Springer New York; 2014. p. 237-61.
5. Yang H, Jin X, Kei Lam CW, Yan SK. Oxidativestress and diabetes mellitus. Clin Chem Lab Med.2011;49(11):1773-82.
6. Kawahito S, Kitahata H, Oshita S. Problemsassociated with glucose toxicity: Role of hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. World JGastroenterol. 2009;15(33):4137-42.
7. Vikram A, Tripathi DN, Kumar A, Singh S. Oxidative stress and inflammation in diabeticcomplications. Int J Endocrinol. 2014;679754.
8. Esteghamati A, Gouya MM, Abbasi M, DelavariA, Alikhani S, Alaedini F, et al. Prevalence ofdiabetes and impaired fasting glucose in the adultpopulation of Iran: National Survey of RiskFactors for Non-Communicable Diseases of Iran.Diabetes Care. 2008;31(1):96-8.
9. Fattore E, Bosetti C, Brighenti F, Agostoni C,Fattore G. Palm oil and blood lipid–relatedmarkers of cardiovascular disease: a systematicreview and meta-analysis of dietary nterventiontrials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jun;99(6):1331-50.
10. Lin L, Allemekinders H, Dansby A,Campbell L, Durance-Tod S, Berger A, et al.Evidence of health benefits of canola oil. NutrRev. 2013;71(6):370-85.
11. Ng C-Y, Leong X-F, Masbah N, Adam SK,Kamisah Y, Jaarin K. Heated vegetable oils andcardiovascular disease risk factors. VasculPharmacol. 2014;61(1):1-9.
12. Cicero AF, Gaddi A. Rice bran oil and gammaoryzanolin the treatment ofhyperlipoproteinaemias and other conditions.Phytother Res. 2001;15(4):277-89.
13. Thanonkaew A, Wongyai S, Decker E,McClements D. Formation, antioxidant propertyand oxidative stability of cold pressed rice bran oilemulsion. J Food Sci Technol. 2015:1-9.
14. Wanyo P, Meeso N, Siriamornpun S. Effects ofdifferent treatments on the antioxidant propertiesand phenolic compounds of rice bran and ricehusk. Food Chem. 2014;157(0):457-63.
15. Goufo P, Pereira J, Figueiredo N, Oliveira MBPP,Carranca C, Rosa EAS, et al. Effect of elevatedcarbon dioxide (CO2) on phenolic acids,flavonoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanoland antioxidant capacities of rice (Oryza sativaL.). J Cereal Sci. 2014;59(1):15-24.
16. Goufo P, Trindade H. Rice antioxidants: phenolicacids, flavonoids, anthocyanins,proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanol, and phytic acid. Food Sci Nutr.2014;2(2):75-104.
17. Jin Son M, C WR, Hyun Nam S, Young Kang M.Influence of oryzanol and ferulic Acid on the lipidmetabolism and antioxidative status in high fatfedmice. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2010;46(2):150-6.
18. Orthoefer FT. Bailey's Industrial Oil and FatProducts. 6 ed: John Wiley & Sons; 2005. p. 465.
19. Claus T, Maruyama SA, Palombini SV,Montanher PF, Bonafé EG, de Oliveira SantosJunior O, et al. Chemical characterization and useof artichoke parts for protection from oxidativestress in canola oil. LWT - Food Science andTechnology. 2015;61(2):346-51.
20. Kuwahara H, Kanazawa A, Wakamatu D,Morimura S, Kida K, Akaike T, et al.Antioxidative and antimutagenic activities of 4-vinyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol (canolol) isolatedfrom canola oil. J Agric Food Chem.2004;52(14):4380-7.
21. Papazzo A, Conlan X, Lexis L, Lewandowski P.The effect of short-term canola oil ingestion onoxidative stress in the vasculature of stroke-pronespontaneously hypertensive rats. Lipids HealthDis. 2011;10:180.
22. Comparisons of Dietary Fats Chart: CanolaCouncil of Canada; 2008-09-03.
23. Asadi F, Shahriari A, Chahardah-Cheric M. Effectof long-term optional ingestion of canola oil,grape seed oil, corn oil and yogurt butter onserum, muscle and liver cholesterol status in rats.Food Chem Toxicol. 2010;48(8-9):2454-7.
24. Sugano M, Koba K, Tsuji E. Health benefits ofrice bran oil. Anticancer Res.1999;19(5A):3651-7.
25. Salar A, Faghih S, Pishdad GR. Rice bran oil andcanola oil improve blood lipids compared tosunflower oil in women with type 2 diabetes: Arandomized, single-blind, controlled trial. J ClinLipidol. 2016 Mar-Apr;10(2):299-305.
26.Buege JA, Aust SD. Microsomal lipidperoxidation. Methods Enzymol. 1978;52:302-10
27. Azizi-Soleiman F, Jazayeri S,Eghtesadi S, Rajab A, Heidari I, Vafa MR, et al.Effects of pure eicosapentaenoic anddocosahexaenoic acids on oxidative stress,inflammation and body fat mass in patients withtype 2 diabetes. Int J Prev Med. 2013;4(8):922-8.
28. Fang J, Seki T, Tsukamoto T, Qin H, Yin H, LiaoL, et al. Protection from inflammatory boweldisease and colitis-associated carcinogenesis with4-vinyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol (canolol) involvessuppression of oxidative stress and inflammatorycytokines. Carcinogenesis. 2013;34(12):2833-41.
29. Haghighat N, Vafa M, Eghtesadi S, Heidari I,Hosseini A, Rostami A. The Effects ofTocotrienols Added to Canola Oil onMicroalbuminuria, Inflammation, and NitrosativeStress in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: ARandomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlledTrial. Int J Prev Med. 2014;5(5):617-23.
30. Papazzo A, Conlan XA, Lexis L, LewandowskiPA. Differential effects of dietary canola andsoybean oil intake on oxidative stress in strokepronespontaneously hypertensive rats. LipidsHealth Dis. 2011;10:98.
31. Posuwan J, Prangthip P, Leardkamolkarn V,Yamborisut U, Surasiang R, Charoensiri R, et al.Long-term supplementation of high pigmentedrice bran oil (Oryza sativa L.) on amelioration ofoxidative stress and histological changes instreptozotocin-induced diabetic rats fed a high fatdiet; Riceberry bran oil. Food Chem.2013;138(1):501-8.
32. Sengupta A, Ghosh M, Bhattacharyya DK.Antioxidative effect of rice bran oil and mediumchain fatty acid rich rice bran oil in arseniteinduced oxidative stress in rats. J Oleo Sci.2014;63(11):1117-24.
33. Ohara N, Naito Y, Kasama K, Shindo T, YoshidaH, Nagata T, et al. Similar changes in clinical andpathological parameters in Wistar Kyoto rats aftera 13-week dietary intake of canola oil or a fattyacid composition-based interesterified canola oilmimic. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009;47(1):157-62.
34. Ohara N, Kasama K, Naito Y, Nagata T, Saito Y,Kuwagata M, et al. Different effects of 26-weekdietary intake of rapeseed oil and soybean oil onplasma lipid levels, glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase activity and cyclooxygenase-2expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats.Food Chem Toxicol. 2008;46(7):2573-9.
35. Gillingham LG, Harris-Janz S, Jones PJ. Dietarymonounsaturated fatty acids are protective againstmetabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseaserisk factors. Lipids. 2011;46(3):209-28.
36. Mahan, L. Kathleen., Escott-Stump, Sylvia.,Raymond, Janice L.Krause, Marie V. (13th ed)(2012) Krause's food & the nutrition care process/St. Louis, Mo. : Elsevier/Saunders, c2012.
37. Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Monounsaturatedfatty acids and risk of cardiovascular disease:synopsis of the evidence available fromsystematic reviews and meta-analyses. Nutrients.2012;4(12):1989-2007.
38. Hsieh RH, Lien LM, Lin SH, Chen CW, ChengHJ, Cheng HH. Alleviation of oxidative damagein multiple tissues in rats with streptozotocininduceddiabetes by rice bran oil supplementation.Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005;1042:365-71.
39. Wang O, Liu J, Cheng Q, Guo X, Wang Y, ZhaoL, et al. Effects of Ferulic Acid and γ-Oryzanol onHigh-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-InducedMetabolic Syndrome in Rats. PLoS ONE.2015;10(2):e0118135.
40. Xu Z, Godber JS. Antioxidant activities of majorcomponents of γ-oryzanol from rice bran using alinoleic acid model. J Amer Oil Chem Soc.2001;78(6):645-9.
41. Ismail M, Al-Naqeeb G, Mamat WA, Ahmad Z.Gamma-oryzanol rich fraction regulates theexpression of antioxidant and oxidative stressrelated genes in stressed rat's liver. Nutr Metab(Lond). 2010;24(7):23.
42. Ternero CP, Claro C, Rodriguez-Rodriguez R,Alvarez de Sotomayor M, Herrera MD. Rice branenzymatic extract reduces oxidative stress andrestores mesenteric endothelium dependantdilatation in apo e (-/-) ice.Atherosclerosis.2014; 235(2):e250.
43. Xu J, Zhou X, Gao H, Chen C, Deng Q, Huang Q,et al. Micronutrients-fortified rapeseed oilimproves hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidativestress in rats fed a high-fat diet. Lipids Health Dis.2013;6(12):28.
44. Herting DC, Drury EJ. Vitamin E content ofvegetable oils and fats. J Nutr. 1963;81(4):335-42.
45. Ranjbar-Zahedani M, Alinejad N, Abdollah ZadehSM, Mazloom Z. Comparison of the Effects ofEdible Oils: Rice Bran, Grape Seed, and Canolaon Serum Lipid Profile and Paraoxonase Activityin Hyperlipidemic Rats. Int Cardiovasc Res J2015;9(1):28-33.
46. Sen CK, Khanna S, Roy S. Tocotrienols: VitaminE beyond tocopherols. Life Sci.2006;78(18):2088-98.
47. Dhavamani S, Poorna Chandra Rao Y, LokeshBR. Total antioxidant activity of selectedvegetable oils and their influence on totalantioxidant values in vivo: Aphotochemiluminescence based analysis. Foodchem. 2014;164(0):551-5.
48. Lai M-H, Chen Y-T, Chen Y-Y, Chang J-H,Cheng H-H. Effects of rice bran oil on the bloodlipids profiles and insulin resistance in type 2diabetes patients. J Clin Biochem Nutr.2012;51(1):15-8.
49. Ardiansyah, Shirakawa H, Koseki T, Ohinata K,Hashizume K, Komai M. Rice bran fractionsimprove blood pressure, lipid profile, and glucoseetabolism in stroke-prone spontaneouslyhypertensive rats. J Agric Food Chem.2006;54(5):1914-20.
50. Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Vuksan V, Faulkner D,Augustin LS, Mitchell S, et al. Effect of loweringthe glycemic load with canola oil on glycemiccontrol and cardiovascular risk factors: arandomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care.2014;37(7):1806-14.
51. Jones PJ, Senanayake VK, Pu S, Jenkins DJ,Connelly PW, Lamarche B, et al. DHA-enrichedhigh-oleic acid canola oil improves lipid profileand lowers predicted cardiovascular disease riskin the canola oil multicenter randomizedcontrolled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;100(1):88-97.
52. Emdin CA, Rahimi K, Neal B, Callender T,Perkovic V, Patel A. Blood pressure lowering intype 2 diabetes: A systematic review and metaanalysis.JAMA. 2015;313(6):603-15.
53. Hove KD, Brøns C, Færch K, Lund SS, RossingP, Vaag A. Effects of 12 weeks of treatment withfermented milk on blood pressure, glucosemetabolism and markers of cardiovascular risk inpatients with type 2 diabetes: a randomiseddouble-blind placebo-controlled study. Eur JEndocrinol. 2015;172(1):11-20.
54. Maahs DM, Daniels SR, de Ferranti SD, DichekHL, Flynn J, Goldstein BI, et al. CardiovascularDisease Risk Factors in Youth With DiabetesMellitus: A Scientific Statement From theAmerican Heart Association. Circulation.2014;130(17):1532-58.
2. Laing SP, Swerdlow AJ, Slater SD, Burden AC,Morris A, Waugh NR, et al. Mortality from heartdisease in a cohort of 23,000 patients with insulintreateddiabetes. Diabetologia. 2003;46(6):760-5.
3. Ray A, Huisman MV, Tamsma JT, van Asten J,Bingen BO, Broeders EA, et al. The role of inflammation on atherosclerosis, intermediate andclinical cardiovascular endpoints in type 2diabetes mellitus. Eur J Intern Med.2009;20(3):253-60.
4. Didangelos T, Doupis J, Veves A. OxidativeStress in Diabetes Mellitus and PossibleInterventions. In: Obrosova I, Stevens MJ, YorekMA, editors. Studies in Diabetes. Oxidative Stressin Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice:Springer New York; 2014. p. 237-61.
5. Yang H, Jin X, Kei Lam CW, Yan SK. Oxidativestress and diabetes mellitus. Clin Chem Lab Med.2011;49(11):1773-82.
6. Kawahito S, Kitahata H, Oshita S. Problemsassociated with glucose toxicity: Role of hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. World JGastroenterol. 2009;15(33):4137-42.
7. Vikram A, Tripathi DN, Kumar A, Singh S. Oxidative stress and inflammation in diabeticcomplications. Int J Endocrinol. 2014;679754.
8. Esteghamati A, Gouya MM, Abbasi M, DelavariA, Alikhani S, Alaedini F, et al. Prevalence ofdiabetes and impaired fasting glucose in the adultpopulation of Iran: National Survey of RiskFactors for Non-Communicable Diseases of Iran.Diabetes Care. 2008;31(1):96-8.
9. Fattore E, Bosetti C, Brighenti F, Agostoni C,Fattore G. Palm oil and blood lipid–relatedmarkers of cardiovascular disease: a systematicreview and meta-analysis of dietary nterventiontrials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jun;99(6):1331-50.
10. Lin L, Allemekinders H, Dansby A,Campbell L, Durance-Tod S, Berger A, et al.Evidence of health benefits of canola oil. NutrRev. 2013;71(6):370-85.
11. Ng C-Y, Leong X-F, Masbah N, Adam SK,Kamisah Y, Jaarin K. Heated vegetable oils andcardiovascular disease risk factors. VasculPharmacol. 2014;61(1):1-9.
12. Cicero AF, Gaddi A. Rice bran oil and gammaoryzanolin the treatment ofhyperlipoproteinaemias and other conditions.Phytother Res. 2001;15(4):277-89.
13. Thanonkaew A, Wongyai S, Decker E,McClements D. Formation, antioxidant propertyand oxidative stability of cold pressed rice bran oilemulsion. J Food Sci Technol. 2015:1-9.
14. Wanyo P, Meeso N, Siriamornpun S. Effects ofdifferent treatments on the antioxidant propertiesand phenolic compounds of rice bran and ricehusk. Food Chem. 2014;157(0):457-63.
15. Goufo P, Pereira J, Figueiredo N, Oliveira MBPP,Carranca C, Rosa EAS, et al. Effect of elevatedcarbon dioxide (CO2) on phenolic acids,flavonoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanoland antioxidant capacities of rice (Oryza sativaL.). J Cereal Sci. 2014;59(1):15-24.
16. Goufo P, Trindade H. Rice antioxidants: phenolicacids, flavonoids, anthocyanins,proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanol, and phytic acid. Food Sci Nutr.2014;2(2):75-104.
17. Jin Son M, C WR, Hyun Nam S, Young Kang M.Influence of oryzanol and ferulic Acid on the lipidmetabolism and antioxidative status in high fatfedmice. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2010;46(2):150-6.
18. Orthoefer FT. Bailey's Industrial Oil and FatProducts. 6 ed: John Wiley & Sons; 2005. p. 465.
19. Claus T, Maruyama SA, Palombini SV,Montanher PF, Bonafé EG, de Oliveira SantosJunior O, et al. Chemical characterization and useof artichoke parts for protection from oxidativestress in canola oil. LWT - Food Science andTechnology. 2015;61(2):346-51.
20. Kuwahara H, Kanazawa A, Wakamatu D,Morimura S, Kida K, Akaike T, et al.Antioxidative and antimutagenic activities of 4-vinyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol (canolol) isolatedfrom canola oil. J Agric Food Chem.2004;52(14):4380-7.
21. Papazzo A, Conlan X, Lexis L, Lewandowski P.The effect of short-term canola oil ingestion onoxidative stress in the vasculature of stroke-pronespontaneously hypertensive rats. Lipids HealthDis. 2011;10:180.
22. Comparisons of Dietary Fats Chart: CanolaCouncil of Canada; 2008-09-03.
23. Asadi F, Shahriari A, Chahardah-Cheric M. Effectof long-term optional ingestion of canola oil,grape seed oil, corn oil and yogurt butter onserum, muscle and liver cholesterol status in rats.Food Chem Toxicol. 2010;48(8-9):2454-7.
24. Sugano M, Koba K, Tsuji E. Health benefits ofrice bran oil. Anticancer Res.1999;19(5A):3651-7.
25. Salar A, Faghih S, Pishdad GR. Rice bran oil andcanola oil improve blood lipids compared tosunflower oil in women with type 2 diabetes: Arandomized, single-blind, controlled trial. J ClinLipidol. 2016 Mar-Apr;10(2):299-305.
26.Buege JA, Aust SD. Microsomal lipidperoxidation. Methods Enzymol. 1978;52:302-10
27. Azizi-Soleiman F, Jazayeri S,Eghtesadi S, Rajab A, Heidari I, Vafa MR, et al.Effects of pure eicosapentaenoic anddocosahexaenoic acids on oxidative stress,inflammation and body fat mass in patients withtype 2 diabetes. Int J Prev Med. 2013;4(8):922-8.
28. Fang J, Seki T, Tsukamoto T, Qin H, Yin H, LiaoL, et al. Protection from inflammatory boweldisease and colitis-associated carcinogenesis with4-vinyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol (canolol) involvessuppression of oxidative stress and inflammatorycytokines. Carcinogenesis. 2013;34(12):2833-41.
29. Haghighat N, Vafa M, Eghtesadi S, Heidari I,Hosseini A, Rostami A. The Effects ofTocotrienols Added to Canola Oil onMicroalbuminuria, Inflammation, and NitrosativeStress in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: ARandomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlledTrial. Int J Prev Med. 2014;5(5):617-23.
30. Papazzo A, Conlan XA, Lexis L, LewandowskiPA. Differential effects of dietary canola andsoybean oil intake on oxidative stress in strokepronespontaneously hypertensive rats. LipidsHealth Dis. 2011;10:98.
31. Posuwan J, Prangthip P, Leardkamolkarn V,Yamborisut U, Surasiang R, Charoensiri R, et al.Long-term supplementation of high pigmentedrice bran oil (Oryza sativa L.) on amelioration ofoxidative stress and histological changes instreptozotocin-induced diabetic rats fed a high fatdiet; Riceberry bran oil. Food Chem.2013;138(1):501-8.
32. Sengupta A, Ghosh M, Bhattacharyya DK.Antioxidative effect of rice bran oil and mediumchain fatty acid rich rice bran oil in arseniteinduced oxidative stress in rats. J Oleo Sci.2014;63(11):1117-24.
33. Ohara N, Naito Y, Kasama K, Shindo T, YoshidaH, Nagata T, et al. Similar changes in clinical andpathological parameters in Wistar Kyoto rats aftera 13-week dietary intake of canola oil or a fattyacid composition-based interesterified canola oilmimic. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009;47(1):157-62.
34. Ohara N, Kasama K, Naito Y, Nagata T, Saito Y,Kuwagata M, et al. Different effects of 26-weekdietary intake of rapeseed oil and soybean oil onplasma lipid levels, glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase activity and cyclooxygenase-2expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats.Food Chem Toxicol. 2008;46(7):2573-9.
35. Gillingham LG, Harris-Janz S, Jones PJ. Dietarymonounsaturated fatty acids are protective againstmetabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseaserisk factors. Lipids. 2011;46(3):209-28.
36. Mahan, L. Kathleen., Escott-Stump, Sylvia.,Raymond, Janice L.Krause, Marie V. (13th ed)(2012) Krause's food & the nutrition care process/St. Louis, Mo. : Elsevier/Saunders, c2012.
37. Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Monounsaturatedfatty acids and risk of cardiovascular disease:synopsis of the evidence available fromsystematic reviews and meta-analyses. Nutrients.2012;4(12):1989-2007.
38. Hsieh RH, Lien LM, Lin SH, Chen CW, ChengHJ, Cheng HH. Alleviation of oxidative damagein multiple tissues in rats with streptozotocininduceddiabetes by rice bran oil supplementation.Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005;1042:365-71.
39. Wang O, Liu J, Cheng Q, Guo X, Wang Y, ZhaoL, et al. Effects of Ferulic Acid and γ-Oryzanol onHigh-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-InducedMetabolic Syndrome in Rats. PLoS ONE.2015;10(2):e0118135.
40. Xu Z, Godber JS. Antioxidant activities of majorcomponents of γ-oryzanol from rice bran using alinoleic acid model. J Amer Oil Chem Soc.2001;78(6):645-9.
41. Ismail M, Al-Naqeeb G, Mamat WA, Ahmad Z.Gamma-oryzanol rich fraction regulates theexpression of antioxidant and oxidative stressrelated genes in stressed rat's liver. Nutr Metab(Lond). 2010;24(7):23.
42. Ternero CP, Claro C, Rodriguez-Rodriguez R,Alvarez de Sotomayor M, Herrera MD. Rice branenzymatic extract reduces oxidative stress andrestores mesenteric endothelium dependantdilatation in apo e (-/-) ice.Atherosclerosis.2014; 235(2):e250.
43. Xu J, Zhou X, Gao H, Chen C, Deng Q, Huang Q,et al. Micronutrients-fortified rapeseed oilimproves hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidativestress in rats fed a high-fat diet. Lipids Health Dis.2013;6(12):28.
44. Herting DC, Drury EJ. Vitamin E content ofvegetable oils and fats. J Nutr. 1963;81(4):335-42.
45. Ranjbar-Zahedani M, Alinejad N, Abdollah ZadehSM, Mazloom Z. Comparison of the Effects ofEdible Oils: Rice Bran, Grape Seed, and Canolaon Serum Lipid Profile and Paraoxonase Activityin Hyperlipidemic Rats. Int Cardiovasc Res J2015;9(1):28-33.
46. Sen CK, Khanna S, Roy S. Tocotrienols: VitaminE beyond tocopherols. Life Sci.2006;78(18):2088-98.
47. Dhavamani S, Poorna Chandra Rao Y, LokeshBR. Total antioxidant activity of selectedvegetable oils and their influence on totalantioxidant values in vivo: Aphotochemiluminescence based analysis. Foodchem. 2014;164(0):551-5.
48. Lai M-H, Chen Y-T, Chen Y-Y, Chang J-H,Cheng H-H. Effects of rice bran oil on the bloodlipids profiles and insulin resistance in type 2diabetes patients. J Clin Biochem Nutr.2012;51(1):15-8.
49. Ardiansyah, Shirakawa H, Koseki T, Ohinata K,Hashizume K, Komai M. Rice bran fractionsimprove blood pressure, lipid profile, and glucoseetabolism in stroke-prone spontaneouslyhypertensive rats. J Agric Food Chem.2006;54(5):1914-20.
50. Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Vuksan V, Faulkner D,Augustin LS, Mitchell S, et al. Effect of loweringthe glycemic load with canola oil on glycemiccontrol and cardiovascular risk factors: arandomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care.2014;37(7):1806-14.
51. Jones PJ, Senanayake VK, Pu S, Jenkins DJ,Connelly PW, Lamarche B, et al. DHA-enrichedhigh-oleic acid canola oil improves lipid profileand lowers predicted cardiovascular disease riskin the canola oil multicenter randomizedcontrolled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;100(1):88-97.
52. Emdin CA, Rahimi K, Neal B, Callender T,Perkovic V, Patel A. Blood pressure lowering intype 2 diabetes: A systematic review and metaanalysis.JAMA. 2015;313(6):603-15.
53. Hove KD, Brøns C, Færch K, Lund SS, RossingP, Vaag A. Effects of 12 weeks of treatment withfermented milk on blood pressure, glucosemetabolism and markers of cardiovascular risk inpatients with type 2 diabetes: a randomiseddouble-blind placebo-controlled study. Eur JEndocrinol. 2015;172(1):11-20.
54. Maahs DM, Daniels SR, de Ferranti SD, DichekHL, Flynn J, Goldstein BI, et al. CardiovascularDisease Risk Factors in Youth With DiabetesMellitus: A Scientific Statement From theAmerican Heart Association. Circulation.2014;130(17):1532-58.
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| Issue | Vol 1, No 4 (Autumn 2015) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Canola oil oxidative stress blood pressure diabetic women Rice bran oil | ||
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1.
Salar A, Faghih S, Pishdad G, Rezaie P. Comparison of the effects of canola oil and rice bran oil consumption on oxidative stress and blood pressure in postmenopausal type 2 diabetic women:A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Nutr Sci & Diet. 2015;1(4):199-205.
