An Investigation into The State of Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life in Overweight and Obese People
Anxiety & Quality of Life in overweight people
,
Abstract
Background:Obesity is considered a source of psychological distress.
Objective:This study aims is investigating anxiety, depression, and the quality of life in people with obesity and overweight living in Rasht, North Iran.
Methods:This analytical cross-sectional research was carried out on 134 subjects between 18 and 45 years old who had referred, for the first time, to the Nutrition Ward of Subspecialty Clinic Beesat in Rasht in 2017-18 with overweight or obesity. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and a questionnaire of health-related quality of life known as the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey(SF-36) were used to identify the subjects’ level of depression, anxiety, and quality of life. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS 23.
Results:Totally, 49 overweight (36.6%) and 85 obese patients (63.4%) were investigated. 46 (34.4%) suffered from moderate to severe anxiety and 38 (28.4%) had moderate to severe depression. Furthermore, the average score of quality of life was 65.54 ± 17.37. There was a significant difference in terms of anxiety and quality of life between overweight and obese people. Also, out of the 8 dimensions of quality of life, physical function and general health had a significant negative correlation with BMI. No significant relationship was found between obesity and depression.
Conclusion: An increase in BMI leads to a rise in anxiety and a decrease in the quality of life. By considering the role of psychological factors in obesity, mental health interventions can prevent and control this condition and improve people’s quality of life.
References
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27. Pimenta AM, Sánchez-Villegas A, Bes-Rastrollo M, López CN, Martínez-González MÁ. Relationship between body image disturbance and incidence of depression: the SUN prospective cohort. BMC public health. 2009;9(1):1. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-1
28. Yackobovitch-Gavan M, Nagelberg N, Demol S, Phillip M, Shalitin S. Influence of weight-loss diets with different macronutrient compositions on health-related quality of life in obese youth. Appetite. 2008;51(3):697-703. Epub 2008/07/26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.06.010
29. Amiri H, Borjali A, Sohrabi F, Pazouki A. The comparison of depression and quality of life in the obese women with different body mass indices (BMI) with the normal women residing in Tehran. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2015;21(127):102-12. http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=3485&slc_lang=en&sid=1&printcase=1&hbnr=1&hmb=1
30. Ghorbani A, Ziaee A, Sadeghi T, Asefzadeh S. Comparison the Living Quality of Obese Women with Normal Weight Women. Medical Journal of MashhadUniversity of Medical Sciences 2012; 55(3): 50-144. http://eprints.mums.ac.ir/7151/
31. Scholtz S, Morgan JF. Obesity and psychiatry. Psychiatry. 2009;8(6):198-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mppsy.2009.03.015
1.De Jong PJ, Sportel BE, De Hullu E, Nauta MH. Co-occurrence of social anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescence: differential links with implicit and explicit self-esteem?.Psychological medicine. 2012 Mar;42(3):475-84. doi: 10.1017/S0033291711001358
2.WHO (2016) Obesity and overweight fact sheet. Updated June2016
3. Ferrari AJ, Charlson FJ, Norman RE, Patten SB, Freedman G, Murray CJ, Vos T, Whiteford HA. Burden of depressive disorders by country, sex, age, and year: findings from the global burden of disease study 2010. PLoS medicine. 2013 Nov 5;10(11):e1001547. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001547
4.Lasikiewicz N, Myrissa K, Hoyland A, Lawton CL. Psychological benefits of weight loss following behavioural and/or dietary weight loss interventions. A systematic research review.Appetite. 2014 Jan 1;72:123-37. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.09.017
5. Lasselin J, Capuron L. Chronic low-grade inflammation in metabolic disorders: relevance for behavioral symptoms. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2014;21(2-3):95-101. doi: 10.1159/000356535
6. Hamer M, Batty GD, Kivimaki M. Risk of future depression in people who are obese but metabolically healthy: the English longitudinal study of ageing. Molecular psychiatry. 2012 Sep;17(9):940. doi: 10.1038/mp.2012.30
7. Jauch-Chara K, Oltmanns KM. Obesity–a neuropsychological disease? Systematic review and neuropsychological model. Progress in Neurobiology. 2014;114:84-101. doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.12.001.
8. Annayagari D, Kishore MT, Pathki CR, Binukumar B. Role of Body Dissatisfaction in Developmental Psychopathology Among the Adolescents with Obesity: A Matched Case Control Study. Psychological Studies. 2017;62(2):136-41. doi:10.1007/s12646-017-0397-7
9. Zhao Z, Okusaga OO, Quevedo J, Soares JC, Teixeira AL. The potential association between obesity and bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis. Journal of affective disorders. 2016;202:120-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.05.059
10. World Health Organisation. Obesity and overweight. [cited 2016 29 October ]; Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/
11. Flint SW, Lozano L. The vital links between obesity and psychopathology: the impact of stigma. Primary Prevention Insights. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1177/1179174817700631
12. Askari J, Hassanbeigi A, Khosravi HM, Malek M, Hassanbeigi D, Pourmovahed Z, et al. The relationship between obesity and depression. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2013;84:796-800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.649
13. Kress AM, Peterson MR, Hartzell MC. Association between obesity and depressive symptoms among US Military active duty service personnel, 2002. Journal of psychosomatic research. 2006;60(3):263-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.08.011
14. Demehri F, Honarmand M, Yavari A. Depression and Obsessive-Compulsive as Antecedent of Guilt Feeling and Anxiety as Consequences of it in University Girl Students. 2011. https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=246005
15. Kaviani H, Mousavi A. Psychometric properties of the Persian version of Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Tehran University Medical Journal TUMS Publications. 2008;66(2):136-40. http://tumj.tums.ac.ir/article-1-641-en.html
16.Wetherell JL, Gatz M. The Beck Anxiety Inventory in older adults with generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. 2005;27(1):17-24. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10862-005-3261-3
17.Rafiei M, Seifi A. An investigation into the reliability and validity of beck anxiety inventory among the university students. Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol. 2013;7(27):37-46.
18.Failde I, Ramos I. Validity and reliability of the SF-36 Health Survey Questionnaire in patients with coronary artery disease. Journal of clinical epidemiology. 2000;53(4):359-65. Epub 2000/04/29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0895-4356(99)00175-4
19. Montazeri A, Goshtasebi A, Vahdaninia M, Gandek B. The Short Form Health Survey (SF-36): translation and validation study of the Iranian version. Quality of life research. 2005;14(3):875-82. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11136-004-1014-5
20. Kasen S, Cohen P, Chen H, Must A. Obesity and psychopathology in women: a three decade prospective study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008;32(3):558-66. Epub 2007/09/27. https://www.nature.com/articles/0803736
21. Pinna F, Sardu C, Orru W, Velluzzi F, Loviselli A, Contu P, et al. Psychopathology, psychosocial factors and obesity. Rivista di psichiatria. 2016;51(1):30-6. Epub 2016/04/01. DOI 10.1708/2168.23450
22. Matos MIR, Aranha LS, Faria AN, Ferreira SR, Bacaltchuck J, Zanella MT. Binge eating disorder, anxiety, depression and body image in grade III obesity patients. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria. 2002;24(4):165-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-44462002000400004
23 Anderson SE, Cohen P, Naumova EN, Jacques PF, Must A. Adolescent obesity and risk for subsequent major depressive disorder and anxiety disorder: prospective evidence. Psychosomatic medicine. 2007;69(8):740-7. Epub 2007/10/19. DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e31815580b4
24. Ohayon MM, Hong SC. Prevalence of major depressive disorder in the general population of South Korea. Journal of psychiatric research. 2006;40(1):30-6. Epub 2005/05/10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2005.02.003
25. Stice E, Shaw HE. Role of body dissatisfaction in the onset and maintenance of eating pathology: a synthesis of research findings. Journal of psychosomatic research. 2002;53(5):985-93. Epub 2002/11/26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00488-9
26. Vafaie M, Safavi M, Salehi S. Studying correlation between anxiety, stress, and depression with body mass index (BMI) among nursing students. Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity-Tehran Medical Branch. 2013;23(2):154-9. http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-155-102&slc_lang=en&sid=1&sw=BMI
27. Pimenta AM, Sánchez-Villegas A, Bes-Rastrollo M, López CN, Martínez-González MÁ. Relationship between body image disturbance and incidence of depression: the SUN prospective cohort. BMC public health. 2009;9(1):1. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-1
28. Yackobovitch-Gavan M, Nagelberg N, Demol S, Phillip M, Shalitin S. Influence of weight-loss diets with different macronutrient compositions on health-related quality of life in obese youth. Appetite. 2008;51(3):697-703. Epub 2008/07/26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.06.010
29. Amiri H, Borjali A, Sohrabi F, Pazouki A. The comparison of depression and quality of life in the obese women with different body mass indices (BMI) with the normal women residing in Tehran. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2015;21(127):102-12. http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=3485&slc_lang=en&sid=1&printcase=1&hbnr=1&hmb=1
30. Ghorbani A, Ziaee A, Sadeghi T, Asefzadeh S. Comparison the Living Quality of Obese Women with Normal Weight Women. Medical Journal of MashhadUniversity of Medical Sciences 2012; 55(3): 50-144. http://eprints.mums.ac.ir/7151/
31. Scholtz S, Morgan JF. Obesity and psychiatry. Psychiatry. 2009;8(6):198-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mppsy.2009.03.015
| Issue | Vol 5, No 3/4 (Summer/Autumn 2019) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Obesity, overweighting, depression, anxiety, quality of life | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Zarrabi H, mahdavi roshan marjan, Shaghaghi shiva, Yahyazadeh A. An Investigation into The State of Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life in Overweight and Obese People. J Nutr Sci & Diet. 2021;5(3-4).
