Effects of sugar-free, αs1-casein–enriched chocolate on stress: based on salivary cortisol measurement and questionnaire data collection
-
Samira Yeganehzad
,
Abolfazl Pahlevanloo
,
Maryam Kiumarsi
,
Azadeh Zayerzadeh
,
Seyed-Alireza Sadjadi
,
Mostafa Shahidi
,
Narjes Nadali
Abstract
Objective: Some food-derived bioactive peptides have demonstrated positive effects on stress reduction. This study was an attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of daily consumption of 12 g of sugar-free chocolate containing 150 mg of αs1-casein (91-100) peptide in alleviating stress in healthy, normal-weight participants.
Methods: Salivary cortisol concentration and self-report questionnaire data were obtained before and after chocolate consumption. Sixty participants completed the Cattle Anxiety Scale (CSI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 (DASS-21).
Results: Results from the CAS and DASS-21 questionnaires showed that consumption of chocolate containing bioactive peptide reduced anxiety and stress (p < 0.05). Salivary cortisol measurement showed more than 30% reduction in cortisol level in the intervention group. The peptide had a 95% recovery rate and also demonstrated thermal and mechanical stability during the production process.
Conclusion: Findings confirmed the undenatured structure of the αs1-casein peptide in chocolate and its resistance to the chocolate processing condition.
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| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 4, No 2 (Spring 2018) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Bioactive peptide Sugar-free chocolate Stress salivary cortisol | ||
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