Healthy eating index and risk of multiple sclerosis: a case control study
Abstract
Background and Objective: Diet quality indices are unique approach to studying relations between diet and disease. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between healthy eating index (HEI) and risk of multiple sclerosis (MS).
Methods: We recruited 68 subjects with MS and 140 control subjects in a case-control study. Dietary intake was collected using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. The HEI was calculated. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between HEI score and MS, after adjustment for season of the birth, daily amount of imposed stress, total energy intake, and age.
Results: in comparison to controls, Cases had lower scores of total HEI (68.4vs 72.5 ; P = 0.04), vegetable (7.5vs 8.8; P = 0.006), fruit (6.3vs 8.0; P = 0.02), and Food variety (8.0vs 10; P = 0.008).when comparing the highest and the lowest quintiles of HEI ,We observed a significant decreasing trend in the risk of MS (p- for trend=0.04 ). Although insignificant (p- value>0.05), MS risk was reduced when comparing each quintile to the reference quintile (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.37–2.38), (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.24–1.62), (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.12–1.14). ), (OR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.13–1.19), respectively.
Conclusions: Our study suggests that a high quality diet assessed by HEI may decrease the risk of MS.
Elhami, S.R., et al., A 20-year incidence trend (1989-2008) and point prevalence (March 20, 2009) of multiple sclerosis in Tehran, Iran: a population-based study. Neuroepidemiology, 2011. 36(3): p. 141-7.
Golzarand, M., et al., Dietary trends in the Middle East and North Africa: an ecological study (1961 to 2007). Public Health Nutr, 2012. 15(10): p. 1835-44.
Willett, W., Nutritional epidemiology. 2nd ed. 1998, New York: Oxford University Press.
Esfahani, F.H., et al., Reproducibility and relative validity of food group intake in a food frequency questionnaire developed for the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. J Epidemiol, 2010. 20(2): p. 150-8.
Asghari, G., et al., Reliability, comparative validity and stability of dietary patterns derived from an FFQ in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Br J Nutr, 2012. 108(6): p. 1109-17.
Ghaffarpour, M., A. Houshiar-Rad, and H. Kianfar, The manual for household measures, cooking yields factors and edible portion of foods. Tehran: Nashre Olume Keshavarzy, 1999: p. 1-40.
Kennedy, E.T., et al., The Healthy Eating Index: design and applications. J Am Diet Assoc, 1995. 95(10): p. 1103-8.
McCullough, M.L., et al., Adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and risk of major chronic disease in men. Am J Clin Nutr, 2000. 72(5): p. 1223-31.
Samani, S. and B. Jokar, Validity and reliability short-form version of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress. J Soc Sci Hum Shiraz Univ, 2007. 26(3): p. 65-77.
Jahromi, S.R., et al., Dietary pattern and risk of multiple sclerosis. Iran J Neurol, 2012. 11(2): p. 47-53.
Zhang, S.M., et al., Intakes of carotenoids, vitamin C, and vitamin E and MS risk among two large cohorts of women. Neurology, 2001. 57(1): p. 75-80.
Ghadirian, P., et al., Nutritional factors in the aetiology of multiple sclerosis: a case-control study in Montreal, Canada. Int J Epidemiol, 1998. 27(5): p. 845-52.
Ascherio, A. and K.L. Munger, Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part II: Noninfectious factors. Ann Neurol, 2007. 61(6): p. 504-13.
Bahadoran, Z., P. Mirmiran, and F. Azizi, Dietary polyphenols as potential nutraceuticals in management of diabetes: a review. J Diabetes Metab Disord, 2013. 12(1): p. 43.
Pekmezovic, T.D., et al., Food and dietary patterns and multiple sclerosis: a case-control study in Belgrade (Serbia). Italian Journal of Public Health, 2012. 6(1).
Langemann, H., A. Kabiersch, and J. Newcombe, Measurement of low-molecular-weight antioxidants, uric acid, tyrosine and tryptophan in plaques and white matter from patients with multiple sclerosis. Eur Neurol, 1992. 32(5): p. 248-52.
Riccio, P., The molecular basis of nutritional intervention in multiple sclerosis: a narrative review. Complementary therapies in medicine, 2011. 19(4): p. 228-237.
D'Avanzo, B., et al., An assessment, and reproducibility of food frequency data provided by hospital controls. Eur J Cancer Prev, 1997. 6(3): p. 288-93.
Jessri, M., et al., Macronutrients, vitamins and minerals intake and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a case-control study in Iran. Nutr J, 2011. 10: p. 137.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 3, No 1 (Winter 2017) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Healthy Eating Index Multiple Sclerosis diet quality | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
