Association between alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED) and metabolic syndrome in Iranian elderly
-
Hamed Kord Varkaneh
,
Somaye Fattahi
,
Sara Mansouri
,
Saragol Eimeri
,
Pooneh Davallou
,
SyedeZahra Sadat
Abstract
Background: Some food patterns and lifestyles have beneficial effects on diminution of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) components. Alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) because of its contents may have potential protective impacts against the risk of developing the metabolic syndrome in elderly people. Our aim was to assess the association between aMED and MetS components in Iranian elderly.
Method: 226 healthy elderly people (65 men and 161 women) with a mean age of 67.04 years participated in this cross-sectional study in five districts of Tehran, the capital of Iran during the period 20014-20015. MetS was defined based on the National Chol esterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that included 147 items. The Alternate Mediterranean dietary score was calculated by Fung et al. Method. Logistic and linear regression models were used to derive beta estimates and odds ratios (ORs).
Results. Subjects in the top tertile of Alternate Mediterranean diet had 56% lower chance of metabolic syndrome compared with subjects in the bottom tertile (OR 0·46; 95% CI 0·23, 0·94; P trend=0.033 ). After adjustment for potential confounders such as age, energy intake, physical activity, marital status, smoking, education, income this association was strengthened (OR 0·34; 95% CI 0·14, 0·82; P trend=0.017).Also it was observed that people in the highest tertile of the Alternate Mediterranean diet score had 68% lower odds of high triglycerides compared with those in the lowest tertile (OR 0·42; 95% CI 0·20, 0·91; P trend=0.033).
Conclusion: Our study showed a higher adherence to the alternate Mediterranean diet reduced the risk of the metabolic syndrome in the elderly subjects.
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34. Koh-Banerjee P, Franz M, Sampson L, Liu S, Jacobs DR, Spiegelman D, et al. Changes in whole-grain, bran, and cereal fiber consumption in relation to 8-y weight gain among men. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2004;80(5):1237-45.
35. Liu S, Willett WC, Manson JE, Hu FB, Rosner B, Colditz G. Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and changes in weight and development of obesity among middle-aged women. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2003;78(5):920-7.
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2. Pacifico L, Anania C, Martino F, Poggiogalle E, Chiarelli F, Arca M, et al. Management of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 2011;21(6):455-66.
3. Gami AS, Witt BJ, Howard DE, Erwin PJ, Gami LA, Somers VK, et al. Metabolic syndrome and risk of incident cardiovascular events and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2007;49(4):403-14.
4. Ford ES, Giles WH, Dietz WH. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Jama. 2002;287(3):356-9.
5. Azizi F, Salehi P, Etemadi A, Zahedi-Asl S. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in an urban population: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2003;61(1):29-37.
6. Anagnostis P. Metabolic syndrome in the Mediterranean region: Current status. Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism. 2012;16(1):72.
7. Di Renzo L, Marsella LT, Sarlo F, Soldati L, Gratteri S, Abenavoli L, et al. C677T gene polymorphism of MTHFR and metabolic syndrome: response to dietary intervention. Journal of translational medicine. 2014;12(1):329.
8. Di Renzo L, Rizzo M, Iacopino L, Sarlo F, Domino E, Jacoangeli F, et al. Body composition phenotype: Italian Mediterranean Diet and C677T MTHFR gene polymorphism interaction. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2013;17(19):2555-65.
9. Groop L. Genetics of the metabolic syndrome. British Journal of Nutrition. 2000;83(S1):S39-S48.
10. Lidfeldt J, Nyberg P, Nerbrand C, Samsioe G, Scherstén B, Agardh C-D. Socio‐demographic and psychosocial factors are associated with features of the metabolic syndrome. The Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) study. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. 2003;5(2):106-12.
11. Expert Panel on Detection E. Executive summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Jama. 2001;285(19):2486.
12. Sonnenberg L, Pencina M, Kimokoti R, Quatromoni P, Nam BH, D'agostino R, et al. Dietary patterns and the metabolic syndrome in obese and non‐obese Framingham women. Obesity. 2005;13(1):153-62.
13. Grosso G, Mistretta A, Frigiola A, Gruttadauria S, Biondi A, Basile F, et al. Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition. 2014;54(5):593-610.
14. Grosso G, Buscemi S, Galvano F, Mistretta A, Marventano S, La Vela V, et al. Mediterranean diet and cancer: epidemiological evidence and mechanism of selected aspects. BMC surgery. 2013;13(2):S14.
15. Grosso G, Mistretta A, Marventano S, Purrello A, Vitaglione P, Calabrese G, et al. Beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet on metabolic syndrome. Current pharmaceutical design. 2014;20(31):5039-44.
16. Grosso G, Marventano S, Galvano F, Pajak A, Mistretta A. Factors associated with metabolic syndrome in a Mediterranean population: role of caffeinated beverages. Journal of Epidemiology. 2014;24(4):327-33.
17. Bibiloni MM, Martínez E, Llull R, Maffiotte E, Riesco M, Llompart I, et al. Metabolic syndrome in adolescents in the Balearic Islands, a Mediterranean region. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 2011;21(6):446-54.
18. Kesse-Guyot E, Ahluwalia N, Lassale C, Hercberg S, Fezeu L, Lairon D. Adherence to Mediterranean diet reduces the risk of metabolic syndrome: a 6-year prospective study. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 2013;23(7):677-83.
19. di Giuseppe R, Bonanni A, Olivieri M, Di Castelnuovo A, Donati MB, de Gaetano G, et al. Adherence to Mediterranean diet and anthropometric and metabolic parameters in an observational study in the ‘Alto Molise’region: the MOLI-SAL project. Nutrition, Metabolismand Cardiovascular Diseases. 2008;18(6):415-21.
20. Bach-Faig A, Berry EM, Lairon D, Reguant J, Trichopoulou A, Dernini S, et al. Mediterranean diet pyramid today. Science and cultural updates. Public health nutrition. 2011;14(12A):2274-84.
21. Shvetsov YB, Harmon BE, Ettienne R, Wilkens LR, Le Marchand L, Kolonel LN, et al. The influence of energy standardisation on the alternate Mediterranean diet score and its association with mortality in the Multiethnic Cohort. British Journal of Nutrition. 2016;116(9):1592-601.
22. Trichopoulou A, Martínez-González MA, Tong TY, Forouhi NG, Khandelwal S, Prabhakaran D, et al. Definitions and potential health benefits of the Mediterranean diet: views from experts around the world. BMC medicine. 2014;12(1):112.
23. Sofi F, Macchi C, Abbate R, Gensini GF, Casini A. Mediterranean diet and health status: an updated meta-analysis and a proposal for a literature-based adherence score. Public health nutrition. 2014;17(12):2769-82.
24. Fung TT, Rexrode KM, Mantzoros CS, Manson JE, Willett WC, Hu FB. Mediterranean diet and incidence of and mortality from coronary heart disease and stroke in women. Circulation. 2009;119(8):1093-100.
25. De Koning L, Chiuve SE, Fung TT, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Hu FB. Diet-quality scores and the risk of type 2 diabetes in men. Diabetes care. 2011;34(5):1150-6.
26. Asghari G, Rezazadeh A, Hosseini-Esfahani F, Mehrabi Y, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Reliability, comparative validity and stability of dietary patterns derived from an FFQ in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. British journal of nutrition. 2012;108(06):1109-17.
27. Mirmiran P, Esfahani FH, Mehrabi Y, Hedayati M, Azizi F. Reliability and relative validity of an FFQ for nutrients in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Public health nutrition. 2010;13(05):654-62.
28. Hosseini Esfahani F, Asghari G, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Reproducibility and relative validity of food group intake in a food frequency questionnaire developed for the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Journal of epidemiology. 2010;20(2):150-8.
29. Fung TT, McCullough ML, Newby P, Manson JE, Meigs JB, Rifai N, et al. Diet-quality scores and plasma concentrations of markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2005;82(1):163-73.
30. Fung TT, McCullough ML, Newby PK, Manson JE, Meigs JB, Rifai N, et al. Diet-quality scores and plasma concentrations of markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2005;82(1):163-73.
31. Trichopoulou A, Costacou T, Bamia C, Trichopoulos D. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and survival in a Greek population. New England Journal of Medicine. 2003;348(26):2599-608.
32. Liese AD, Schulz M, Moore CG, Mayer-Davis EJ. Dietary patterns, insulin sensitivity and adiposity in the multi-ethnic Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study population. British journal of nutrition. 2004;92(06):973-84.
33. Wirfält E, Hedblad B, Gullberg B, Mattisson I, Andrén C, Rosander U, et al. Food patterns and components of the metabolic syndrome in men and women: a cross-sectional study within the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2001;154(12):1150-9.
34. Koh-Banerjee P, Franz M, Sampson L, Liu S, Jacobs DR, Spiegelman D, et al. Changes in whole-grain, bran, and cereal fiber consumption in relation to 8-y weight gain among men. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2004;80(5):1237-45.
35. Liu S, Willett WC, Manson JE, Hu FB, Rosner B, Colditz G. Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and changes in weight and development of obesity among middle-aged women. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2003;78(5):920-7.
36. Field AE, Willett WC, Lissner L, Colditz GA. Dietary fat and weight gain among women in the Nurses’ Health Study. Obesity. 2007;15(4):967-76.
37. Koh-Banerjee P, Chu N-F, Spiegelman D, Rosner B, Colditz G, Willett W, et al. Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking with 9-y gain in waist circumference among 16 587 US men. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2003;78(4):719-27.
38. Vioque J, Weinbrenner T, Castelló A, Asensio L, Hera MG. Intake of fruits and vegetables in relation to 10‐year weight gain among Spanish adults. Obesity. 2008;16(3):664-70.
39. He K, Hu F, Colditz G, Manson J, Willett W, Liu S. Changes in intake of fruits and vegetables in relation to risk of obesity and weight gain among middle-aged women. International journal of obesity. 2004;28(12):1569-74.
40. Nordmann AJ, Nordmann A, Briel M, Keller U, Yancy WS, Brehm BJ, et al. Effects of low-carbohydrate vs low-fat diets on weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Archives of internal medicine. 2006;166(3):285-93.
41. Frost G, Leeds A, Dore C, Madeiros S, Brading S, Dornhorst A. Glycaemic index as a determinant of serum HDL-cholesterol concentration. The Lancet. 1999;353(9158):1045-8.
42. Katan MB. Effect of low-fat diets on plasma high-density lipoprotein concentrations. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 1998;67(3):573S-6S.
43. Kris-Etherton PM, Harris WS, Appel LJ. Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. circulation. 2002;106(21):2747-57.
44. Lecumberri E, Goya L, Mateos R, Alía M, Ramos S, Izquierdo-Pulido M, et al. A diet rich in dietary fiber from cocoa improves lipid profile and reduces malondialdehyde in hypercholesterolemic rats. Nutrition. 2007;23(4):332-41.
45. Knoops KT, de Groot LC, Kromhout D, Perrin A-E, Moreiras-Varela O, Menotti A, et al. Mediterranean diet, lifestyle factors, and 10-year mortality in elderly European men and women: the HALE project. Jama. 2004;292(12):1433-9.
46. Chrysohoou C, Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, Das UN, Stefanadis C. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet attenuates inflammation and coagulation process in healthy adults: The ATTICA Study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2004;44(1):152-8.
47. Tzima N, Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Skoumas J, Zampelas A, Chrysohoou C, et al. Mediterranean diet and insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and blood pressure levels, in overweight and obese people; the Attica study. Lipids in Health and Disease. 2007;6(1):22.
48. Gerasimova E, Perova N, Ozerova I, Polessky V, Metelskaya V, Sherbakova I, et al. The effect of dietary n− 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on HDL cholesterol in Chukot residentsvs muscovites. Lipids. 1991;26(4):261-5.
49. Hamideh S, Behzad M, Ebrahim G, Hassan E, Mojtaba S. Diet, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes in ischemic heart diseases. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2007;23(4):597.
50. Feskens EJ, Bowles CH, Kromhout D. Inverse association between fish intake and risk of glucose intolerance in normoglycemic elderly men and women. Diabetes care. 1991;14(11):935-41.
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| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 2, No 2 (Spring 2016) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Alternate Mediterranean diet Metabolic syndrome Food patterns Lifestyles | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Kord Varkaneh H, Fattahi S, Mansouri S, Eimeri S, Davallou P, Sadat S. Association between alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED) and metabolic syndrome in Iranian elderly. J Nutr Sci & Diet. 2016;2(2).
