Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics 2 2 2016 10 11 36 36 EN Zinat Mohamadpour Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran FatemeH Zabetian-Targhi Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam Mahmoudi Department of Cellular Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 12 14 2016 04 18 Retinol (ROH) and  its derivatives named vitamin A are substantial for several cells’ functions. Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RBP4) is known as the career for vitamin A in blood. The main receptor for RBP4 is Stimulated by retinoid acid gene 6 (STRA6). RBP4 circulates in bound with Transports Thyroxine and Retinol (TTR) to form ternary ROH-RBP-TTR complex. Recently, RBP4 implicated in insulin resistance which may exerts its functions through inflammatory pathways. Although studies indicated that RBP4 may have role in inflammation as an adipocytokine. the cellular and molecular mechanisms including the interaction between Holo- or Apo-RBP4 and their receptor to induce inflammation is controversial. In this review, we focus on molecular structure of RBP4, STRA6, and their interaction to induce inflammation and insulin resistance to illustrate the potential conflicts in this area. https://jnsd.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jnsd/article/view/36 https://jnsd.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jnsd/article/download/36/150